Stiffen the sinews
Origins of the Phrase “Stiffen the Sinews”
The phrase “stiffen the sinews” is a vivid idiom that has its roots in literature, particularly in the works of William Shakespeare. This expression is often used to convey the idea of preparing oneself for a challenge or to summon strength and resolve in the face of adversity. Understanding the origins of this phrase requires a closer look at its literary context and the historical significance of sinews in both physical and metaphorical terms.
Literary Context
The phrase “stiffen the sinews” appears in Shakespeare’s play “Henry V,” written around 1599. In Act 3, Scene 1, King Henry V delivers a rousing speech to his troops before the Battle of Agincourt. He implores them to gather their courage and fortitude, stating:
“Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more;
Or close the wall up with our English dead.
In peace there’s nothing so becomes a man
As modest stillness and humility:
But when the blast of war blows in our ears,
Then imitate the action of the tiger;
Stiffen the sinews, summon up the blood,
Disguise fair nature with hard-favour’d rage;
Then lend the eye a terrible aspect;
Let pry through the portage of the head
Like the brass cannon; let the brow o’erwhelm it
As fearfully as doth a galled rock
O’erhang and jutty his confounded base,
Swill’d with the wild and wasteful ocean.”
In this passage, King Henry is urging his men to prepare themselves mentally and physically for the impending battle. The phrase “stiffen the sinews” serves as a metaphor for hardening one’s resolve and gathering strength, much like how sinews (the tendons that connect muscles to bones) provide the necessary support and power for physical movement.
Understanding Sinews
Sinews, in a biological context, are tough, fibrous tissues that play a crucial role in the human body. They are composed of collagen and are responsible for transmitting the force generated by muscles to the bones, enabling movement. The term “sinew” has also been used historically to refer to strength or power, both in a physical and metaphorical sense. In ancient times, sinews were often associated with the idea of vitality and resilience, making the phrase particularly poignant in the context of warfare and struggle.
Evolution of the Phrase
Since its introduction in Shakespeare’s work, “stiffen the sinews” has evolved into a broader idiom used in various contexts beyond the battlefield. It is often employed in motivational speeches, self-help literature, and everyday conversation to encourage individuals to summon their inner strength and face challenges head-on. The phrase encapsulates the idea of mental fortitude and the importance of preparation in achieving success.
Modern Usage
In contemporary language, “stiffen the sinews” can be found in various forms of media, including motivational talks, sports commentary, and even corporate training sessions. It serves as a reminder that, regardless of the challenges one faces, the ability to gather strength and resolve is essential for overcoming obstacles. The phrase has transcended its original context, becoming a universal call to action for anyone facing difficulties.
Conclusion
The phrase “stiffen the sinews” is a powerful idiom that has its origins in Shakespearean literature, specifically in the context of preparing for battle. Its rich historical and biological connotations add depth to its meaning, emphasizing the importance of strength and resolve in the face of adversity. As it continues to be used in modern language, the phrase serves as a timeless reminder of the human capacity to summon inner strength and confront challenges with determination.